Vascular complications arise after post coronary interventions because of poor sheath removal technique, the use of a substance to stop blood clotting and patient characteristics all are contributory factors associated with groin complications. Money spent for the treatment and prevention of heart disease is in the billions and is higher than the amounts spent for treating cancer or any other diseases. A large percentage of this amount is spent on “cardiac catheterization” which is a procedure that is used to diagnose and treat patients with heart disease. Medicines/substances that are used to reduce clots forming in the blood include the use of platelet which acts as inhibition agent to reduce blood clotting. However, this greatly increases the probability of groin bleeding complications after the procedure. Complications resulting in the blood carrying vessels also include bleeding where the procedure has been carried out. Complications in the covering where the catheter is inserted in the most frequent problem after the “cardiac catheterization” and usually results in bleeding, bruising or hematoma at the site are possible if adequate manual pressure is not applied with a mechanical implementor with the use of vascular closing.

A “hematoma” is the accumulation of blood in the supple tissues in the upper or lower abdomen which usually occurs if the covering is removed before it is appropriately positioned and compressed within the proper time and even if several attempts are required to gain vascular access. For the proper application of manual compression, two or three fingers are used to squeeze 1 or 2 cm above the insertion site for approximately 20 minutes. If the bleeding can be controlled with the application of manual compression, the hematoma usually improves within a week or two as the blood is again absorbed by the soft tissues.

Ultimately, a vascular closing implement can be placed into the site to close the opening. Other devices include patches or plugs that can be placed after the procedure by a medical attendant. Although these devices reduce the need for compression they usually do decrease bleeding or vascular complications. Although vascular closure devices reduce the need for compression they do not reduce bleeding or complications in the blood carrying vessels. Many studies have been made for identifying risk factor complications which include advanced age, being female, having a small physique, being overweight, and having high blood pressure or problems in the kidney, use of a large insertion and too much coagulation.